Aedes hortator Dyar & Knab, 1907.
Subfamily Culicinae, tribe Aedini, genus Aedes. Subgenus Sallumia includes only two species. Subgenus abbreviation – Sal.
Subgenus Sallumia is characterised and distinguished from other generic-level taxa of Aedini by the following combinations of characters. Characters that diagnose Sallumia (as genus) in the preferred cladogram of Reinert et al. (2009), based on Ae. hortator, are indicated by an asterisk (*).
ADULTS – Vertex of head with broad decumbent scales, *erect scales restricted to occiput; eyes contiguous or separated by less than 1 corneal facet; antenna of males with setae directed dorsally and ventrally; maxillary palpus of females dark-scaled, with 4 palpomeres, palpomere 4 minute, bulbous; maxillary palpus of males longer than proboscis, palpomeres 4 and 5 upturned, *palpomere 5 ≤ 0.55 length of palpomere 4; proboscis dark-scaled, longer than forefemur; scutum with narrow dark scales; *anterior acrostichal setae, *posterior acrostichal setae and *posterior dorsocentral setae absent, anterior dorsocentral area with 1 or 2 setae; scutellum with broad scales on all lobes; paratergite without scales; antepronota widely separated, without scales; *postpronotum, hypostigmal area, postspiracular area, subspiracular area, upper and lower proepisternum, mesepimeron and metameron without scales; prealar area and lower mesokatepisternum with few scales; lower mesepimeral setae absent; wing dark-scaled, *remigium without setae, *anal vein (vein 1A) terminates approximately in line with intersection of mediocubital crossvein and cubitus; ante- and postprocoxal membranes bare; base of hindcoxa well below dorsal margin of mesomeron; femora without knee spots; tibiae and tarsi dark-scaled; fore- and midungues of females equal, anterior and posterior unguis of each with 2 teeth, *fore- and midungues of males unequal, larger unguis with 1 tooth, smaller unguis simple, hindungues of *females and *males both toothed; laterotergite of abdominal segment I with broad scales, terga II–VII dark-scaled with small basolateral pale patches, terga of males with few lateral setae; *segment VII of females cylindrical in cross-section. FEMALE GENITALIA – Tergum VIII and sternum VIII longer than wide, posterior margin of tergum straight, sternum with median posterior emargination surrounded by darkly pigmented areas, both without scales; postgenital lobe with posterior emargination; *upper vaginal sclerite and lower vaginal sclerite absent; insula lip-like, with few setae; cercus without scales; 3 spermathecal capsules. MALE GENITALIA – Tergum IX lobes large, each lobe with few setae; gonocoxite with scales, *with dorsomesal apical lobe, dorsal surface with large elongate lobe narrowly connected to basomesal area, lobe with many setae, *one flattened; gonostylus attached at apex of gonocoxite, with single long terminal gonostylar claw, *≥ 0.39 length of gonostylus; claspette with long columnar stem bearing a broad claspette filament; aedeagus tube-like, broader proximally than distally, *apex with few denticles; cercal setae present. LARVAE – Antenna with spicules, seta 1-A double, extending beyond apex of antenna; seta 1-C stout, *spiniform; seta 4-C branched, inserted mesal and slightly anterior to seta 6-C; seta 5-C inserted posteromesal to seta 6-C; *seta 6-C branched, with 1 branch stouter and longer than others; seta 7-C inserted anterolateral to setae 4–6-C; *seta 13-C single, inserted anterolateral to seta 12-C; seta 14-C single; seta 19-C absent; setae 1–3-P not inserted on common setal support plate; seta 4-P double, *no longer than seta 3-P; *seta 8-P ≥ 1.8 length of seta 4-P; seta 6-I double; seta 7-I single, slightly shorter than seta 6-I; seta 12-I present; *seta 6-II and *seta 6-III single, 6-III longer than 6-II; *seta 1-VII 0.48–0.85 length of segment X; *seta 12-VII and *seta 2-VIII branched; comb scales in patch; siphon with pecten of evenly spaced spines, seta 1-S inserted distal to pecten, multi-branched; saddle incomplete; seta 1-X single, inserted on saddle; seta 2-X short, multi-branched; ventral brush (seta 4-X) attached to grid with both transverse and lateral bars, and with 2 precratal setae. PUPAE – Setae 1–3-CT normally double, *seta 1-CT weakly developed, considerably shorter than seta 3-CT; seta 3-I with 2 long stout branches, shorter than setae 6,7-I; seta 2-II inserted lateral to setae 1 and 3; seta 3-II single, *longer than seta 6-II, seta 3-III single or double, both longer than seta 5; seta 2-VI inserted slightly mesal to seta 1; seta 6-VII inserted posteromesal to seta 9-VII, *9-VII no longer than 6-VII; seta 9-VIII inserted on posterolateral corner of segment; paddle rounded apically, without hair-like marginal spicules; midrib complete to apex of paddle; seta 1-Pa single. See Aedes.
Reinert et al. (2008) found the clade comprised of subgenera Sallumia + (Geoskusea + (Levua + Rhinoskusea)) deeply nested within Ochlerotatus. In the more comprehensive study of Reinert et al. (2009), the same clade was placed in a sister relationship to a large terminal clade comprised generic-level taxa other than Ochlerotatus. In the phylogeny of Wilkerson et al. (2015), Sallumia formed a polytomy along with subgenera Geoskusea, Levua and Rhinoskusea, and this group was sister to subgenus Cancraedes.
The immature stages of species of subgenus Sallumia are found in temporary pools (Ae. hortator) and crab holes (Ae. perventor). The females of Ae. hortator are known to attack humans in wooded areas.
Species of subgenus Sallumia are not known to be of medical importance to humans.
Sallumia is a Neotropical taxon, with species occurring in countries from Bolivia northward to Trinidad. Aedes hortator is recorded from localities in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, French Guiana, Peru, Surinam, and Trinidad and Tobago. Aedes perventor is known from localities in Brazil and French Guiana.
Reinert et al., 2008 (as subgenus of Ochlerotatus, phylogenetic relationships, taxonomy); Reinert et al., 2009 (as genus, morphology, phylogeny); Reinert, 2010 (as genus, female genitalia); Wilkerson et al., 2015 (phylogeny, classification).
hortator Dyar & Knab, 1907 perventor Cerqueira & [no-lexicon]Costa[/no-lexicon], 1946