Subgenus Acalleomyia Leicester, 1908
Culex obscurus (Leicester, 1908), original combination: Acalleomyia obscurus.
Subfamily Culicinae, genus Culex . Subgenus Acalleomyia is monobasic.See Culex classification, Subgenus Acalleomyia). Subgenus abbreviation – Aca.
ADULTS – Small species without distinctive ornamentation; antenna of males sparsely verticillate; maxillary palpus of males short, 0.15 length of proboscis (distinction from other genera of Culicini in the Oriental Region); acrostichal setae absent; scutellum with broad flat scales on midlobe; thoracic pleura without noticeable scale-patches, with prominent setae on prealar area, single prominent seta posteriorly on mesokatepisternum and single seta on lower area of mesepimeron; hindfemur mainly pale with apical dark band that extends proximally on dorsal surface; tarsi and abdominal terga entirely dark-scaled. MALE GENITALIA – Gonocoxite with scales and unique basolateral tubercle bearing 2 large rod-like sensory structures; subapical lobe at extreme apex of gonocoxite, bearing 2 leaf-like setae in addition to 3 rod-like and several slender setae; gonostylus with expanded distal part bearing dorsal recurved spine; phallosome similar to species of subgenus Culiciomyia, lateral plate with a basal tooth and lateral denticles; paraproct with short basal sternal process and crown of fine dorsomesal spicules and ventrolateral blades; cercal setae present. LARVAE – Palatal brushes normal; seta 1-A large, inserted near mid-length of antenna; seta 1-C exceptionally short, fine; seta 4-C single; setae 5–7-C with multiple branches, inserted in more or less straight diagonal line; setae 1–3-P relatively short, single, seta 3-P considerably shorter than setae 1,2-P; seta 8-P very short, single; comb comprised of numerous fan-shaped scales in patch; pecten on proximal third of siphon, spines uniquely developed with 3–5 basal spines and a series of fine distal spicules on one side; 3 pairs of posterolateral seta 1-S inserted in row distad of pecten; saddle incomplete; ventral brush (seta 4-X) comprised of 4 pairs of short setae inserted on grid. PUPAE – Similar to pupae of species of subgenus Culiciomyia. See genus Culex.
Belkin (1962) and Bram (1968) suggested a relationship between Acalleomyia, Acallyntrum and Culiciomyia based on similarities observed in larvae, The study of St John (2007) suggested a sister relationship with Acallyntrum. The phylogenetic analyses of Harbach et al. (2012) showed that Acalleomyia has a closer affinity with Culiciomyia than it does with Acallyntrum.
Acalleomyia occur in coastal brackish-water environments. Larvae have been found in the axils and stumps of Nipa palms and a hole in a fallen mangrove tree. Females will apparently bite humans in the vicinity of larval habitats.
The single species of subgenus Acalleomyia is not a medically important species.
Indo-Malayan Subregion of the Oriental Region.
Bram, 1968 (taxonomy, distribution, bionomics).
obscurus (Leicester, 1908)