Subgenus Pseudotaeniorhynchus Theobald, 1911
Coquillettidia fasciolata (Lynch Arribálzaga, 1891); original combination: Taeniorhynchus fasciolatus.
Subfamily Culicinae, genus Coquillettidia. Subgenus Pseudotaeniorhynchus includes 13 species. Subgenus abbreviation – Rhy.
ADULTS – Antennal flagellum approximately as long as proboscis; maxillary palpus of males longer than proboscis, palpomeres 4 and 5 strongly setose; proboscis as long as or longer than forefemur, with pale ring beyond mid-length; scutum with well-developed acrostichal, dorsocentral and supraalar setae; postpronotum with scales; thoracic pleura with scales on mesokatepisternum and upper mesepimeron; wing mostly dark-scaled; femora with conspicuous preapical pale band. MALE GENITALIA – Ninth tergal lobes with well-developed setae; gonocoxite with basal dorsomesal lobe bearing 1 or 2 (usually 1) long strong setae; paraproct with several strong apical teeth. LARVAE – Known for few species; chaetotaxy of known species not studied in detail. Antenna distal to setae 2,3-A much longer than proximal part; setae 2,3-A short; accessory seta x-X present on saddle in addition to seta 1-X. PUPAE – Known for few species; not studied in detail. Seta 6-I–VI absent. See genus Coquillettidia.
Not investigated. Belkin (1962) indicated that the adults of subgenus Pseudotaeniorhynchus appear to be more primitive than the adults of subgenus Coquillettidia (both as subgenera of Mansonia), and seem to be intermediate between Coquillettidia and Mansonia.
Little is known about the bionomics of species of subgenus Pseudotaeniorhynchus. Larvae have been found in floating and emergent vegetation, such as grasses, sedges and Pistia, in swamps and lakes. Females of Cq. aarribalzagae, Cq. fasciolata and Cq. nigricans have been collected landing on and biting humans who enter their haunts during daylight and evening hours (e.g. Heinemann & Belkin, 1977; Heinemann et al., 1980). Clark-Gil & Darsie (1983) reported that females of Cq. venezuelensis were attracted to a light trap in forest and were captured when attracted to humans in dwelling and forest areas during dusk.
Coquillettidia venezuelensis is a natural vector of Bussuquara, Catu, Cotia, Guama, Mayaro, Murutucu and Oropouche viruses, and Cq. arribalzagae is a natural vector of Wyeomyia virus (White & Faust, 2014).
Most species of subgenus Pseudotaeniorhynchus are recorded from countries in South America, from the countries bordering the Caribbean southward into northern Argentina and Uruguay (there are no records for Chili). Four of the South American species, Cq. arribalzagae, Cq. fasciolata, Cq. nigricans and Cq. venezuelensis, also occur in Central America. The distributions of Cq. nigricans and Cq. venezuelensis extend into Mexico, and the former is recorded from Jamaica.
Lane, 1953 (as Rhynchotaenia, Neotropical Region, taxonomy); Cova-Garcia et al., 1966 (as genus Coquillettidia, Venezuela, keys, taxonomy); Belkin et al., 1970 (Jamaica, Cq. nigricans, taxonomy, bionomics, distribution).
albicosta (Chagas, 1908) (in Peryassú, 1908)
albifera (Prado, 1931)
arribalzagae (Theobald, 1903)
chrysonotum (Peryassú, 1922)
fasciolata (Lynch Arribálzaga, 1891)
hermanoi (Lane & Coutinho, 1940)
juxtamansonia (Chagas, 1907)
lynchi (Shannon, 1931)
neivai (Lane & Coutinho, 1940)
nigricans (Coquillett, 1904)
nitens (Cerqueira, 1943)
shannoni (Lane & Antunes, 1937)
venezuelensis (Theobald, 1912) (in Surcouf, 1912)
