Subgenus Neotheobaldia Dobrotworsky, 1958
Culiseta hilli (Edwards, 1926), original combination: Theobaldia hilli.
Subfamily Culicinae, genus Culiseta. Subgenus Neotheobaldia includes three species. Subgenus abbreviation – Net.
The following combinations of characters distinguish subgenus Neotheobaldia from the other subgenera of Culiseta. ADULTS – Vertex with upright pale and dark scales, sometimes mostly dark; maxillary palpus and proboscis entirely dark-scaled, maxillary palpus of males as long as or longer than proboscis; scutum with pale golden scales; antepronotum and postpronotum with pale falcate scales and at least some pale setae; prespiracular area with few setae (5 or fewer); postspiracular area with few setae; mesepimeron with scale-patch and few setae near middle; subcostal setae present; femora each with conspicuous knee spot, tarsi of females with tarsomeres 3‒5 or 4 and 5 pale-scaled, tarsomeres of males entirely dark or pale apically. MALE GENITALIA – Ninth tergal lobes prominent, each with 9–15 setae; basal mesal lobe very long, 0.67‒0.90 length of gonocoxite, largely or partially separated from gonocoxite, apex setose; gonostylus very long and slender, nearly as long as gonocoxite; aedeagus relatively large and strongly sclerotised; paraproct with 7 or 8 apical teeth, cercal setae numerous. LARVAE – Head large, broad; antenna moderately long, usually not shorter than head, seta 1-S inserted well beyond mid-length of shaft, setae 2,3-A single, inserted slightly before apex; comb of segment VIII with approximately 90 scales in triangular patch; siphon long, slightly tapered, index 5.0‒5.4, pecten comprised of 7–11 hair-like spines borne on proximal 0.5 or less of siphon, seta 1-S inserted at base of siphon, single or double, setae 1a-S and 2a-S absent; segment X with complete saddle, seta 1-X branched, seta 2-X with 9‒11 branches, setae 3-X very long, single, ventral brush (seta 4-X) with 12 or 14 long setae on grid, no precratal setae. PUPAE ‒ Trumpet short, with large oblique opening with fringed margin; seta 9-VIII with 4‒6 branches; paddle oval with smooth margins; setae 1,2-Pa both present, 1-Pa with 3 or 4 branches, 2-Pa single. See genus Culiseta.
The phylogenetic relationships of Neotheobaldia have not been investigated. Maslov (1967, 1989) hypothesised that the subgenus evolved from the ancestral lineage that also gave rise to subgenera Culicella and Climacura.
Species of subgenus Neotheobaldia are forest mosquitoes. The immature stages are found in water in the subterranean tunnels of terrestrial crayfish. Females are active during the daytime and readily attack humans. Eggs apparently are laid individually on soil above water level. The species pass the winter months as larvae.
Species of subgenus Neotheobaldia are not known to be of medical importance to humans.
Australia (highlands of Victoria).
Dobrotworsky, 1965 (taxonomy, adults, larvae, bionomics, distribution); Lee et al., 1988 (taxonomy, literature, distribution, bionomics); Maslov, 1967, 1989 (taxonomy, identification, adults, larvae, distribution, bionomics).
atritarsalis (Dobrotworsky, 1954)
frenchii (Theobald, 1901)
hilli (Edwards, 1926)