Revision of Genus Tripteroides Giles, 1904 from Fri, 2013-03-15 15:43

Type species: 

Runchomyia philippinensis Giles. 1904 [subjective synonym of Tripteroides nitidoventer (Giles, 1904)].

Classification: 

Subfamily Culicinae, tribe Sabethini. Tripteroides is a large genus of 122 species divided between five subgenera: Polylepidomyia (19 species), Rachionotomyia (14 species), Rachisoura (28 species), Tricholeptomyia (9 species) and Tripteroides (52 species).

Characteristics: 

Genus Tripteroides is distinguished from all other genera that occur within its distribution based on one or more of the following characters in the adult and larval stages. ADULTS - Erect scales of head restricted to occiput, acrostichal setae absent from median longitudinal area of scutum, scutellum tri-lobed, prespiracular setae present, upper calypter of wing with marginal setae and anal vein ends beyond base of mediocubital crossvein. LARVAE - Seta 3-C ventral, occipital foramen circular with distinct collar, seta 13-P present, comb scales in a single row and the presence of a single pair of seta 4-X. See Sabethini.

Bionomics and disease relations: 

Genus Tripteroides includes domestic and forest species. The larvae inhabit small collections of water in tree holes, bamboo, coconut shells and husks, fallen leaves, leaf axils, flower bracts, pitcher plants and snail shells. A few species occur in artificial containers, and Tr. tasmaniensis has been collected in rock holes. Larvae usually lie upside down on the bottom of the cavity. They feed on arthropods or their remains. Larvae of subgenus Rachisoura are predacious. The adults appear to be active during the daytime. A few species attack and bite humans, but nothing is known about the feeding habits of most species. Among the Oriental species only Tr. aranoides is known to bite humans. Some species have become pests in northwestern Australia where they invade houses.

Distribution: 

Species of Tripteroides are largely distributed in the Oriental and Australasian Regions. The range of the genus extends from India and Sri Lanka to Japan, Taiwan, the Philippines, Fiji in the South Pacific and south to Tasmania.

Principal references: 

Barraud, 1934 (southern Asia); Thurman, 1959 (Thailand); Belkin, 1962 (taxonomy, South Pacific); Tanaka et al., 1979 (Japan); Mattingly, 1981 (subgenera Rachionotomyia and Tricholeptomyia, Oriental Region); Lee et al., 1989 (Australasian Region).

Species: 
Subgenus Polylepidomyia Theobald, 1905
   altivallis Bonne-Wepster, 1948
   apicotriangulatus (Theobald, 1910)
   argenteiventris (Theobald, 1905)
   atripes (Skuse, 1889)
   caledonicus (Edwards, 1922)
   coheni Belkin, 1950
   collessi Lee, 1946
   digoelensis Brug, 1934
   floridensis Belkin, 1950
   folicola Belkin, 1955 
   marksae Dobrotworsky, 1965
   melanesiensis Belkin, 1955
   microlepis (Edwards, 1927)
   perplexus Peters, 1963
   punctolateralis (Theobald, 1903)
   rotumanus (Edwards, 1929)
   solomonis (Edwards, 1924)
   standfasti Peters, 1959
   tasmaniensis (Strickland, 1911)
Subgenus Rachionotomyia Theobald, 1905
   affinis (Edwards, 1913)
   aranoides (Theobald, 1901)
   ceylonensis (Theobald, 1905)
   coonorensis Mattingly, 1981
   dofleini (Guenther, 1913)
   edwardsi (Barraud, 1929)
   longipalpis Dong, Zhou & Dong, 1997
   nepenthis (Edwards, 1915)
   nepenthisimilis Mattingly, 1981
   pallidothorax Dong, Dong & Wu, 2008
   ponmeki Miyagi & Toma, 2001
   rozeboomi Baisas & Ubaldo-Pagayon, 1953
   serratus (Barraud, 1929) 
   tenax de Meijere, 1910
Subgenus Rachisoura Theobald, 1910
   adentata van den Assem, 1959
   bisquamatus Lee, 1946
   brevirhynchus Brug, 1934
   concinnus Lee, 1946
   confusus Lee, 1946
   cuttsi van den Assem, 1959
   exnebulis Bonne-Wepster, 1948
   felicitatis Bonne-Wepster, 1948
   filipes (Walker, 186l)
   flabelliger Bonne-Wepster, 1948
   fuliginosus Lee, 1946
   fuscipleura Lee, 1946
   kingi Lee, 1946
   latisquama (Edwards, 1927)
   leei Peters, 1959
   longipalpatus Lee, 1946
   mathesoni Belkin, 1950
   obscurus Brug, 1934
   pallidus Lee, 1946
   pilosus Lee, 1946
   plumiger Bonne-Wepster, 1948
   simplex Brug, 1934
   stonei Belkin, 1950
   subnudipennis (Edwards, 1927)
   sylvestris (Theobald, 1910)
   tityae Slooff, 1961
   torokinae Belkin, 1950
   vanleeuweni (Edwards, 1927) 
Subgenus Tricholeptomyia Dyar & Shannon, 1925
   apoensis Baisas & Ubaldo-Pagayon, 1953
   barraudi Baisas & Ubaldo-Pagayon, 1953
   belkini Baisas & Ubaldo-Pagayon, 1953
   christophersi Baisas & Ubaldo-Pagayon, 1953
   delpilari Baisas & Ubaldo-Pagayon, 1953
   microcala (Dyar, 1929)
   nepenthicola (Banks, 1909)
   roxasi Baisas & Ubaldo-Pagayon, 1953
   werneri Baisas & Ubaldo-Pagayon, 1953
Subgenus Tripteroides Giles, 1904
   aeneus (Edwards, 1921)
   alboscutellatus Lee, 1946
   antennalis Bohart & Farner, 1944
   bambusa (Yamada, 1917)
      subspecies bambusa (Yamada, 1917)
      subspecies yaemamensis Tanaka, Mizusawa & Saugstad, 1979
   bimaculipes (Theobald, 1905)
   binotatus Belkin, 1950
   bonneti Belkin, 1962
   brevipalpis Brug, 1934
   caeruleocephalus (Leicester, 1908)
   cheni Lien, 1968
   claggi Bohart & Farner, 1944
   denticulatus Delfinado & Hodges, 1968
   distigma (Edwards, 1925)
   dyari Bohart & Farner, 1944
   dyi Baisas & Ubaldo-Pagayon, 1953
   elegans Brug, 1934
   erlindae Baisas & Ubaldo-Pagayon, 1953
   hoogstraali Baisas, 1947
   indicus (Barraud, 1929)
   intermediatus Baisas & Ubaldo-Pagayon, 1953
   knighti Baisas & Ubaldo-Pagayon, 1953
   latispinus Gong & Ji, 1989
   lipovskyi Belkin, 1950
   littlechildi (Edwards, 1930)
   longisiphonus Dong, Zhou & Dong, 2001
   lorengaui Peters, 1963
   mabinii Baisas & Ubaldo-Pagayon, 1953
   magnesianus (Edwards, 1924)
   malayi Delfinado & Hodges, 1968
   malvari Baisas & Ubaldo-Pagayon, 1953
   mendacis (Daniels, 1908)
   monetifer (Dyar, 1920)
   nissanensis Lee, 1946
   nitidoventer (Giles, 1904)
   novohanoverae Peters, 1963
   plumosus (Brug, 1931)
   powelli (Ludlow, 1909)
      subspecies escodae Baisas & Ubaldo-Pagayon, 1953
      subspecies laffooni Baisas & Ubaldo-Pagayon, 1953
      subspecies mattinglyi Baisas & Ubaldo-Pagayon, 1953
      subspecies powelli (Ludlow, 1909)
   proximus (Edwards, 1915)
   purpuratus (Edwards, 1921)
   quasiornatus (Taylor, 1915)
   reiseni Basio, 1971
   riverai Miyagi, Toma & Tsukamoto, 1983
   similis (Leicester, 1908)
   simulatus Baisas & Ubaldo-Pagayon, 1953
   splendens Lee, 1946
   sullivanae Baisas & Ubaldo-Pagayon, 1953
   tarsalis Delfinado & Hodges, 1968
   toffaletii Baisas & Ubaldo-Pagayon, 1953
   uichancoi Baisas & Ubaldo-Pagayon, 1953
   vicinus (Edwards, 1914)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Scratchpads developed and conceived by (alphabetical): Ed Baker, Katherine Bouton Alice Heaton Dimitris Koureas, Laurence Livermore, Dave Roberts, Simon Rycroft, Ben Scott, Vince Smith