Revision of Subgenus Microculex Theobald, 1907 from Wed, 2013-03-13 16:47

Type species: 

Microculex argenteoumbrosus Theobald, 1907 [subjective synonym of Culex imitator Theobald, 1903].

Classification: 

Subfamily Culicinae, genus Culex (see Culex Classification, Subgenus Microculex). Subgenus Microculex includes 33 species.

Characteristics: 

ADULTS - Small mosquitoes; head with narrow scales on vertex and orbital line; maxillary palpus of females with 3(?) palpomeres, palpus of males as longer or longer than proboscis, with 5 palpomeres; scutum with pattern of dark, golden or silvery scales; acrostichal setae present or absent; antepronotum with narrow scales; mesokatepisternum with scales; lower mesepimeral seta present; vein R2 and vein R3 of wing with narrow scales; legs entirely dark-scaled (some species) or tarsi with basal pale bands (most species); abdominal terga dark-scaled. MALE GENITALIA - Tergum IX lobes distinct, widely separated; gonocoxite without scales; subapical lobe subapical in position, little if at all divided, proximal division with 2 rod-like setae, distal division weakly developed but usually bearing a number of setae; gonostylus simple, tapered distally; phallosome not columnar, lateral plate with long basal hook; paraproct with single row of blunt spicules. LARVAE - Antenna shorter than head, constricted beyond seta 1-A, seta 1-A inserted about 0.8 from base; seta 2-C weakly developed or absent; seta 3-P shorter than setae 1,2-P; comb with many scales in patch; siphon usually very long and slender; seta 1-S distal to pecten; saddle long, complete; seta 1-X small, branched; setae 2,3-X long, single; ventral brush (seta 4-X) with 4 pairs of setae on grid. PUPAE - Trumpet long and slender, tracheoid beyond base; meatus without slit from proximal part of pinna; seta 2-III mesad of seta 1; seta 2-VI laterad of seta 1; seta 9-VIII relatively long, subequal to length of tergum VIII; caudal lobe of tergum VIII not overlying lateral part of tergum IX; seta 1-Pa present, seta 2-Pa absent. See Genus Culex.

Bionomics and disease relations: 

The immature stages inhabit epiphytic bromeliads, and less frequently bamboo internodes. Eggs are enclosed separately in gelatinous envelopes. Lane (1953) indicated that adult females prefer to feed on birds.

Distribution: 

Neotropical Region, from Mexico to northern Argentina.

Species: 
albipes Lutz, 1904
aphylactus Root, 1927
aureus Lane & Whitman, 1951
azymus Dyar & Knab, 1906
carioca Lane & Whitman, 1951
chryselatus Dyar & Knab, 1919
consolator Dyar & Knab, 1906
daumastocampa Dyar & Knab, 1908
davisi Kumm, 1933
dubitans Lane & Whitman, 1951
elongatus Rozeboom & Komp, 1950
gairus Root, 1927
gaudeator Dyar & Knab, 1907
hedys Root, 1927
imitator Theobald, 1903
   subspecies imitator Theobald, 1903
   subspecies retrosus Lane & Whitman, 1951
inimitabilis Dyar & Knab, 1906
   subspecies fuscatus Lane & Whitman, 1951
   subspecies inimitabilis Dyar & Knab, 1906
intermedius Lane & Whitman, 1951
jenningsi Dyar & Knab, 1907
kukenan Anduze, 1942
lanei de Oliveira Coutinho & Forattini, 1962
microphyllus Root, 1927
neglectus Lutz, 1904
pleuristriatus Theobald, 1903
pulidoi Cova Garcia & Sutil Oramas, 1974	
reducens Lane & Whitman, 1951
reginae Floch & Fauran, 1955
rejector Dyar & Knab, 1906
shopei Forattini & Toda, 1966
siphanulatus Lourenço-de-Oliveira & da Silva, 1987
stonei Lane & Whitman, 1943
sutili Cova Garcia & Pulido F., 1974
worontzowi Pessoa & Galvão, 1936
xenophobus Ronderos, 1965

Scratchpads developed and conceived by (alphabetical): Ed Baker, Katherine Bouton Alice Heaton Dimitris Koureas, Laurence Livermore, Dave Roberts, Simon Rycroft, Ben Scott, Vince Smith